Aratohu Whakataurite i te Whai Huatanga o te Wehenga Hau Kirihou me te Hau Kirihou

Ngā Kaupapa Taketake: Te Mahi a te Hangarau Membrane me te Cryogenic

Ina kōrero tātou mō te whakataurite i ngā hangarau wehewehe hau, e rua ngā rapunga whakaaro o te ahupūngao e tirohia ana e tātou: te tātari māmā me te thermodynamics uaua. I Xiamen Xingchangjia, ka kite tātou i ngā kiritaki e raru ana ki tēnei kōwhiringa i ia rā. Ko te mārama ki ngā tikanga taketake te taahiraa tuatahi ki te whakatau mēnā he pai te hanganga o te membrane me te hāora cryogenic mō tō whare. Ehara i te mea ko te hoko mīhini anake koe; kei te whiriwhiri koe i tētahi tukanga e whakatau ana i ō pire hiko, i te kaupapa tiaki, me te parakore o te hau mō te tekau tau e whai ake nei.

Te Wehenga o te Kiriuhi: Te Māmā o te Mahi

Ki te hiahia koe i tētahi pūnaha e rite ana ki te "mono me te tākaro," he kiriuhi pūmuawehenga haukoinei te whakautu i te nuinga o te wā. He tino māmā noa iho te ariā i konei. Ka whakamahia e mātou ngā muka tuwhera haurua-ā-roto—whakaarohia he kakau moroiti—kua paiherea ki roto i tētahi kātere porotaka.

Ina panaia te hau kōpeke ki roto i ēnei muka, ka tīmata te ahupūngao o te urunga whiriwhiri. Ka tere te uru o ngā hau "tere" pērā i te hāora, te hauhā waro, me te mamaoa wai mā roto i ngā pakitara kiriuhi, ā, ka tukuna ki waho i te pēhanga iti. Ka rere ngā hau "pōturi", te hauota nui, ki waenganui o te muka ki tērā pito hei hau hua.

He aha mātou i pai ai ki tēnei:

• He iti noa ngā wāhanga e neke ana: Haunga te pūwero, kāore he nui o ngā mahi ā-mīhini.
• Te Whakamātau Tonu: Ka whiwhi koe i te penehīni i muri tonu i te tīmatanga o te mahi.
• Ngāwari noa: Ka mahi i ngā pāmahana taiao, arā, kāore e hiahiatia he waeine whakamatao nui.

Ko tēnei tikanga te poutokomanawa o te tautohetohe i waenga i te kiriuhi whakaputa hauota me te ASU, he maha ngā wā ka toa i ngā tono kāore te parakore tino-tiketike te kaupapa matua, engari ko te pono me te ngāwari o te whakamahi.

Te Whakatōtōtanga Kiriōke: Te Pūtaiao Mātao

Kei tērā pito o te whānuitanga te whai huatanga o te whakatōtōtanga cryogenic. Koinei te pū nui o te ao hau ahumahi. Ahakoa e tātarihia ana te hau e ngā kiriuhi, ka whakamākūkūhia e ngā waeine cryogenic. Ka whakawhirinaki tēnei tukanga ki ngā pāmahana kohua rerekē o ngā hau i roto i tō tātou āhuarangi.

Hei wehewehe i ngā wāhanga, ka whakamataohia e mātou te hau e tomo ana ki ngā pāmahana tino wera—tata ki te -185°C. Kia huri te hau hei wai, ka whakahaerehia e mātou mā roto i ngā pou whakatōtō teitei. Nā te mea ka kohuatia te hāora me te hauota i ngā pāmahana rerekē, ka taea e mātou te wehewehe i a rātou me te tino tika i a rātou e hoki ana ki te āhua hau, e noho wai rānei mō te penapena.

Ngā painga motuhake:

• Teitei o te Parakore: Koinei anake te huarahi hei whakatutuki i ngā taumata hāora parakore teitei (99.5% ki te 99.999%).
• Putanga Wai: Ka taea e koe te whakaputa i te hāora wai (LOX) me te hauota wai (LIN) hei rokiroki, hei kawe rānei i ngā mea hou.
• Tauine: Mō ngā hiahia nui (rau tāne ia rā), ko te cryogenic te paerewa.

Wehewehenga Rere Tukanga Taha-ki-te-Taha

Hei whakaahua i tewehenga hauHei whakataurite i ngā hangarau, me tango atu te kupu hangarau, ka titiro ki te tukanga mahi tuturu. E whakaatu ana tēnei wehewehenga he aha te roa o te tīmatanga o tētahi pūnaha he meneti pea te roa, he hāora, he rā rānei te roa mō tētahi atu.

E whakaatu ana tēnei rerenga i te āputa uaua. He rārangi, he kiato hoki ngā pūnaha membrane, he maha ngā wā ka piri ki te reti. He tipu wera uaua ngā pūnaha cryogenic e hiahia ana ki te tapuwae nui me te whakahaere aunoa tika hei pupuri i te taurite wera ngawari e hiahiatia ana mō te wehenga.

Whakatauritenga Mata-ki-Mata: Te Whai Hua, te Utu, me te Mahi

Ina tae tātou ki ngā mahi whakarite hangarau wehewehe hau, ehara i te mea ko tēhea hangarau te mea "pai ake" i roto i te korehau. Engari ko tēhea e rite ana ki ō herenga whakaputa. Ka kite tonu tātou i tēnei i te mara: he whare e utu nui ana mō te parakore kāore e hiahiatia ana, he raru rānei ki te kaha nā te mea i whiriwhiria e rātou he pūnaha kāore e taea te tauine.

Anei te hononga i waenganui i te hanga hāora me te whakaputa hauota i roto i te membrane me te hanga hāora cryogenic ina tirohia ngā tau e pā ana ki tō hua.

Ngā Taumata Parakore: Teitei te Parakore o te Hāora Cryogenic vs. te Kiriuhi

Ko te parakore te tātari tuatahi ka whakamahia e mātou ina whakatauhia te rahi o tētahi kaupapa. Mena he tino parakore te hiahia o tō tukanga, ko te whakatau te mea e tika ana māu.

• Te Whakatōtōtanga Kiriōke: Koinei te paerewa koura mō te parakore. Ka taea e ngā waeine kiriōke hāora parakore teitei te whakatutuki i te parakore 99.5% ki te 99.999%. Mō te hauota, e titiro ana mātou ki ngā taumata wāhanga-mō-ia-piriona (ppb) o ngā poke hāora. Mena kei te tuku koe i ngā mahi hanga hiko, i te hau hauora rānei, ko te kiriōke te mea pono.
• Wehenga Kiriuhi: Ko te wehenga hau o te kiriuhi pūmua he mea e pai ake ai te tino parakore mō te māmā. He maha ngā wā ka kitea te parakore o te hauota mai i te 95% ki te 99.9%. Ko te whakaputanga hāora mā te kiriuhi he mea whakawhāiti ki te 40%, he rawaka tēnei mō te whakarei ake i te mura engari kāore mō ngā tono ahumahi kounga teitei.

Te Pūmanawa me te Tauine: Te Kimi i te Wāhi Reka

Ko te tauine te wāhi e huri ai te ōhanga. He pūwāhi whakawhiti motuhake te kaha wehewehe hau e neke ai te Whakahoki Pūtea (ROI) mai i tētahi hangarau ki tētahi atu.

• Tauine Iti ki te Waenga: Mō ngā whakaritenga kei raro i te 10 ki te 20 tana ia rā (TPD), ko ngā pūnaha membrane, ko te PSA rānei (Pressure Swing Adsorption) te nuinga o te wā ka toa. He āhua kōwae, he kiato hoki.
• Tauine Nui: Kia tae rā anō ki te whakaputanga papatipu—whakaarohia he rau, he mano rānei o te TPD—ka kore e taea te wikitoria i te whai huatanga o te whakatōnga wai. E tika ana te haumitanga nui nā te nui o te hau e whakaputaina ana.

Te Whakamahinga Pūngao: Te Tūturutanga o te kWh mō ia Tōna

Ko te pūngao te wāhanga nui rawa atu o ō whakapaunga whakahaere (OPEX). Ina tātarihia te whakamahinga pūngao kWh mō ia tana hāora, hauota rānei, ko te ahupūngao o te wehenga te mea e whakatau ana i te utu.

• Kiriuhi: E pā ana te utu pūngao ki te pēhanga hau whāngai me te parakore e hiahiatia ana. Mēnā he parakore teitei ake, me nui ake te hau kōpeke, ka piki ake te whakapaunga hiko motuhake. He iti ake te whai huatanga i ngā parakore teitei ki te whakataurite ki te cryo.
• Cryogenic: Ahakoa he nui te kaha e hiahiatia ana mō te whakamatao tuatahi, ka tino heke te kaha motuhake (kWh/waeine o te hau) i ngā rahinga teitei. Mō te hau papatipu parakore teitei, ka tukuna e te cryogenic te pai o te wehenga hau ahumahi.

Te Utu Katoa o te Mana Pupuri (TCO): CAPEX vs. OPEX

Ko te tatau i te utu katoa o te mana pupuri i te ASU (Air Separation Unit) me titiro ki tua atu i te utu tāpiripiri.

Wā Tīmata: Tere vs. Pūmautanga

He mea nui te tere o te mahi, ina koa mēnā ka rerekē haere tō hiahia.

• Pūnaha kiriuhi wā tīmatanga: He mea hanga ēnei waeine mō te tere. Ka taea e tātou te neke mai i te aukati makariri ki te hau whakatakotoranga katoa i roto i ngā meneti. He mea tino pai tēnei mō ngā mahi kotahi-wāhanga, ngā whare rānei kāore e rere 24/7.
• ASU Cryogenic: He mīhini nekehanga ēnei. E 12 ki te 36 hāora (neke atu rānei) te roa o tētahi tīmatanga makariri hei whakatutuki i te taurite wera me te parakore o te hua. Kua hangaia kia rere tonu, me te kore e mutu.

He Kōrero Matua: Ki te hiahia koe ki ngā tikanga whakaputa hauota i te papaanga e taea ai e koe te tahuri me te whakaweto i te pana i roto i tō wātaka mahi, ko te membrane tō hoa. Mena kei te whakahaere koe i tētahi oumu pupuhi, i tētahi wheketere matū rānei 24/7/365, kāore e taea te whiriwhiri i te pumau o te cryogenic.

Te Wāhi Whakawhiti: Āhea me Whakawhiti Hangarau

Ko te whakatau i waenga i ngā pūnaha membrane me ngā pūnaha cryogenic ehara i te mea ko te whiriwhiri i tētahi e pai ana ki a koe; engari ko te kimi i te "wāhi pai" ōhanga mō tō mahi motuhake. I roto i te kēmu hau ahumahi, ka kiia tēnei ko te kaha wehewehe hau whakawhiti. Koinei te paepae motuhake e hono ai te utu-mō ia waeine o tētahi hangarau ki tētahi atu. I raro iho i tēnei rārangi, ka penapena moni koe i ngā pūnaha membrane. I runga ake i tēnā, ko te whakatōtō cryogenic anake te kōwhiringa pūtea whai hua mō te whakaputa papatipu.

Te Tātari i ngā Raraunga Whakataurite Hangarau Wehenga Hau

Hei whakatau tika, me titiro tātou ki te hononga o ngā whakaritenga parakore me te tere rere. E whakaatu ana te whakataurite i ngā hangarau wehewehe hau kāore ngā pihi whai hua e rārangi. Ahakoa he iti ake te arai urunga o ngā kiriuhi, ka taurite te utu whakahaere me te rahinga. He nui ngā utu tīmatanga o ngā tipu cryogenic engari ka tino whai hua i te pikinga o te kaha.

Anei tētahi whakamārama māmā mō ngā rerekētanga o ngā hangarau:

Te Wāhi e Toa ai te Membrane: Te Ātaahua Iti-Tauine

Ki taku titiro, ko ngā pūnaha membrane ngā kaihoro tere o te umanga. Mena e hiahia ana tō whare ki te hauota hei tinei ahi, hei takai kai, hei hāora whakarei rānei hei tahu i ngā rahinga iti, ko te wehenga hau membrane polymeric te mea tino pai.

Ko te māmā noa iho o te hanga hāora membrane, te hanga hāora cryogenic rānei i tēnei tauine. Ka taea e tātou te whakairi i tētahi waeine membrane ki runga i te kiriuhi, ka whakataka ki tētahi wāhi tawhiti, ā, ka tere tonu te whakahaere.

• CAPEX iti: Kāore koe e hanga ana i tētahi pou whakatōtō haurua nui.
• Ngāwari: He tino pai mō ngā mahi e piki haere ana te tono.
• Tiaki: Nā te iti o ngā wāhanga e neke ana, ka iti ake te utu tiaki.

Te Wāhi e Mana Ana te Cryogenic: Te Hanga Papatipu

Ina kōrero tātou mō te whāngai i tētahi mira maitai, i tētahi wheketere matū nui, te whakakī rānei i ngā taraka tāke wai, ko te cryogenic te mea taumaha rawa atu. Ka kitea te pai o te whakatō cryogenic ina hiahia koe ki te nui o te taumaha me te tino parakore.

Kia whiti koe i taua paepae 100 tana ia rā (TPD), ka tīmata te ōhanga o te tauine. Ka taea e ngā waeine cryogenic te whakaputa i te wai cryogenic hāora parakore me te hau i te wā kotahi, me te argon hei hua taha nui. Ahakoa he utu nui te hanganga tuatahi, ka tino heke te utu o te waeine o te hau i ngā rahinga nui. Kāore e taea e koe te whakatutuki i te 99.999% parakore me ngā kiriuhi paerewa i tēnei tauine.

Te Pānga o te Aro ki te Utu Pūngao ki te ROI

Ko te utu hiko o tō rohe te ringa ngaro e ārahi ana i tēnei whakatau. Ko te pūngao te wāhanga nui rawa atu o te OPEX mō tētahi waeine wehewehe hau (ASU).

• Te Tairongo o te Kiriuhi: E pā ana te whakamahinga pūngao ki te kawenga o te pūngao hiko. Mēnā ka piki ake ngā utu hiko, ka piki tonu tō utu mō ia putu kūpiko.
• Te Whai Hua o te Whakamahinga Pūngao: Kua hangaia ēnei tipu hei whakapai ake i te whakamahinga pūngao kWh mō ia tana hāora. Ahakoa he nui te mana katoa e pau ana i a rātou, ko tete whai huatanga mō ia waeine o te huahe pai ake i ngā kawenga teitei.

Ko te tatau i te utu katoa o te mana whakahaere i te ASU me whai whakaaro ki ēnei rerekētanga pūngao i roto i te 10, 20 rānei tau. Mena kei roto koe i tētahi rohe he nui ngā utu hiko ahumahi, ko te pikinga o te whai huatanga o tētahi tipu hiko-whakarewa ka tika pea te whakawhiti i te rahinga kaha iti iho i te rohe he iti te utu hiko.

Ngā Pūnaha Ranu me ngā Auahatanga o te Wehenga Hau ā-Mārama

Kei te neke atu tātou i te wā e tika ana kia whiriwhiria e koe i waenga i tētahi hangarau, i tētahi atu rānei. I te mākete ahumahi o Amerika, ko te ngāwari te mea nui, ā, ko te whakaurunga o ngā tikanga wehewehe rerekē kei te hanga i ngā whai wāhitanga hou mō te whai huatanga. Kei te kite tātou i tētahi ia e whakakotahi ana te hangarau atamai i ngā kaha o ngā pūnaha rerekē hei aro atu ki te pikinga o ngā utu pūngao me ngā whakaritenga parakore tino pakari.

Wehenga Hau Cryogenic Membrane Ranu

He māmā noa iho te ariā i konei: whakamahia te taputapu tika mō te wāhanga tika o te tukanga. I roto i te whakatakotoranga wehenga hau cryogenic membrane ranu, ka whakamahia e mātou te hangarau membrane hei mahi i te wehenga papatipu tuatahi. Ka whakakorea e te membrane te wāhanga nui o te hauota, te hāora rānei i te utu pūngao iti iho i mua i te taenga o te awa ki te pouaka makariri.

Mā te whāngai i tētahi awa kua whai rawa ki roto i te waeine cryogenic, ka taea e tātou te whakaiti i te rahi o te pou whakatō me te pūngao e hiahiatia ana mō te pēhi. He painga motuhake tēnei huarahi:

• CAPEX iti iho: Ko te iti o ngā wāhanga cryogenic ka whakaiti i te haumitanga tuatahi.
• Penapena Pūngao: Ka karohia e mātou te kawenga pūngao nui e hiahiatia ana hei whakamatao me te pēhi i te hau o te taiao mai i te tīmatanga.
• Ngāwari: Ka pai ake te whakahaere a ēnei pūnaha i ngā rerekētanga kawenga i te tipu cryogenic takitahi.

Te Whakaiti i te Tapuwae Waro i roto i ngā Wāhanga Wehewehe Hau

Ehara i te mea he kupu rongonui noa iho te oranga tonutanga; he inenga mahi. Ko te whakaiti i te tapuwae waro i roto i ngā waeine wehenga hau e hono tika ana ki te whai huatanga o te wehenga hau ahumahi. Nā te mea he nui te hiko e hiahiatia ana mō te wehenga hau, ko ia kilowatt-haora e penapenahia ana ka whakaitihia ngā tukunga Scope 2.

Mā ngā pūnaha ranu me te aunoatanga atamai ake ka taea e tātou te arotau i te whakapaunga pūngao kWh mō ia tana hāora. Mā te whakauru i ngā pūtake pūngao hou, te whakamahi rānei i te wera para hei whakahaere i te pāmahana o te membrane, kei te kite tātou i ngā tipu e kore e iti ake te utu whakahaere engari e tutuki ana hoki i ngā paerewa ture taiao pakari.

Ngā Whakamuatanga i roto i te Wehenga Hau o te Membrane Polymeric

Kāore te hangarau membrane e tū tonu ana. I ngā wā o mua, mēnā i hiahiatia he kaha nui, he tino parakore rānei, ka uaua ngā membrane ki te whakataetae. Heoi, ko ngā whanaketanga o te wehenga hau membrane polymeric kei te kati i taua āputa. Kei te kite tātou i te whanaketanga o ngā membrane mixed-matrix me ngā polymer thermally rearranged (TR) e tuku ana i te whiriwhiringa me te uruhanga pai ake.

Ko te tikanga o ēnei whakapainga rauemi:

• Te Pakaritanga Nui Ake: He pai ake te ātete o ngā pūmua hou ki te whakakirihoutanga me te pirau matū i ngā whakatupuranga tawhito.
• Tapuwae Kiato: Mā te pai ake o te whai huatanga mō ia putu tapawha o te mata o te membrane ka iti ake ngā paheke.
• Awhe Whānui: Ka taea e ngā kiriuhi hou te whakataetae i ngā awhe parakore i mua ko te rohe motuhake o te whakamaroke cryogenic, PSA rānei.

Te Whakatakoto i te Karanga: He Anga Whakatau mō tō Whakatipu

Ehara i te mea he hiahia hangarau noa iho te whiriwhiri i waenga i ngā pūnaha membrane me ngā pūnaha cryogenic; he rautaki pūtea e whakatau ana i ō tawhē mahi mō ngā tekau tau e rua e whai ake nei. E kī tonu ana ahau ki ngā kaiwhakahaere whare ko te hangarau "pai rawa atu" ko te mea e hangai ana ki tō kōtaha whakamahinga motuhake me ngā utu ratonga ā-rohe. Me neke atu tātou i ngā whakaritenga o te pukapuka iti, me te titiro ki te mahi a ēnei waeine i raro i ngā āhuatanga motuhake o tō papaanga.

Te Aromatawai i ō Hiahia Whai Hua mō te Wehenga Hau Ahumahi

Hei whiriwhiri i ngā taputapu tika, ka tūtohu ahau kia arotakehia ō tauira whakamahinga tuturu, kaua ki ngā rahinga mōrahi e matapaetia ana. Mā te rahi rawa o te Wāhanga Wehenga Hau (ASU) ka maumauria te CAPEX me te kore e whai hua ngā reiti whakahekenga, engari mā te iti rawa ka arai i te whakaputanga.

Anei te rārangi arowhai e whakamahia ana e au hei whakatau i te pai mō te whai huatanga o te wehenga hau ahumahi:

• Manawanui Parakore: Mena he nui te parakore o te hāora e hiahiatia ana e tō tukanga (99.5%+), ko te cryogenic anake te huarahi e tika ana. Heoi, ki te whakahaerehia e koe te whakarei ake i te mura, te whakaroa rānei i te wā e whakaaetia ana te parakore o te 95% ki te 99%, ka iti ake te utu mō ia waeine mō te wehenga o te membrane.
• Te Pūmautanga o te Rōrahi: Ka kitea te pai o te whakatōtōtanga wai i roto i ngā mahi kawenga-pūtake tonu. Mena ka rerekē haere tō tono, ka mahi rānei koe i ngā huringa takitahi, ka mate tō hua i ngā wā tīmatanga roa o ngā tipu wai. Ka tahuri, ka whakaweto hoki ngā pūnaha membrane pērā i te pana rama.
• Ngā Utu Whakamahinga: I ngā rohe he nui ngā utu hiko, ko te whakapaunga pūngao kWh mō ia tana hāora te mea matua. Ka tatauhia e mātou te Tapeke Utu o te Mana Whakahaere ASU i runga i ngā utu kWh ā-rohe kia kite ai mēnā ka taea e te pai ake o te whakamahinga o te hiko cryogenic te whakakore i tana utu nui o mua.

He aha te Hiranga o te Aunoatanga Ritenga Kore-Paerewa

I te mākete o Amerika, he iti noa te wāhi, ā, kāore i te māmā te whakauru i ngā taputapu hou ki ngā whare tawhito. Koinei te wāhi e kore ai e angitu ngā otinga kua oti kē te whakarite. Tērā pea kāore e tau te waeine rarangi paerewa ki tō wāhi e wātea ana, me whakapai ake rānei i ngā hanganga utu nui hei whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga hiko, whakamatao rānei.

Ka arotahi mātou ki te aunoatanga ritenga kore-paerewa nā te mea ka taea e mātou te hoahoa i te reti huri noa i tō tipu, kaua i te taha kē.

• Arotau i te Tapuwae: Ka taea e tātou te whakarārangi i ngā wāhanga, te whirihora anō rānei i ngā tahora kia uru ki ngā rūma miihini kikī.
• Whakaurunga: Mā ngā mana ritenga ka taea e te kaihanga hauota, te kaihanga hāora rānei te kōrero tika ki tō DCS (Pūnaha Mana Tohatoha), ka aunoa i ngā reiti rere i runga i te tono o te awa i te wā tūturu.
• Te Whakarerekētanga Āhuarangi: Me rerekē te whakahaere wera o tētahi waeine kei Arizona i tā tētahi kei Minnesota. Mā te whakaritenga ka mau tonu te whakataurite i ngā hangarau wehewehe hau i roto i tō taiao, ā, ka ārai i ngā ngaronga whai hua e pā ana ki te huarere.

Ngā Pātai Auau (FAQs)

He aha te rerekētanga matua i waenga i te PSA, te membrane, me te wehenga hau cryogenic?

Ko te rerekētanga matua kei roto i te tikanga me te tauine o te whakaputanga. Ina tirohia ngā hangarau PSA me te membrane me te cryogenic, kei te whakataurite tātou i te ahupūngao ki te matū me te thermodynamics:

• PSA (Pressure Swing Adsorption): Ka whakamahi i ngā rauemi adsorbent (pēnei i ngā zeolite) hei hopu i ngā ngota hau motuhake i raro i te pēhanga. He tino pai mō te parakore me te rōrahi waenga.
• Wehenga Kiriuhi: E whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā muka wehewehe hau kiriuhi pūmua. Ka uru ngā hau tere (pērā i te hāora) mā roto i ngā pakitara muka, ko ngā hau puhoi (pērā i te hauota) ka rere ki te pito. Koinei te kōwhiringa māmā rawa, iti te tiaki mō ngā hiahia parakore iti.
• Te Whakatōtōtanga Kiriōke: Ka whakamahia te makariri rawa hei whakawai i te hau me te wehe i ngā hau mā te kohua. Koinei te pū nui mō te tauine nui me te tino parakore.

Ko tēhea tikanga he pai ake te whakapaunga pūngao kWh mō ia tana hāora?

Mena kei te whakahaere koe i tētahi wheketere nui, kāore e taea te patu i te pai o te whakatō wai cryogenic. Mō te whakaputanga tauine nui (rau tāne ia rā), ko ngā waeine cryogenic te mea iti rawa te whakamahinga pūngao kWh mō ia tāne hāora nā te mea ka horahia te utu pūngao ki runga i te nui o te hua.

Heoi, mō ngā mahi iti ake, kāore e tika ana te kaha tīmatanga nui me te kawenga turanga o tētahi tipu cryogenic. I aua wā, ahakoa he teitei ake te kaha motuhake mō ia waeine mō ngā tikanga kore-cryo, ko te pire ratonga katoa o ia marama mō tētahi tatūnga whakaputa hāora cryogenic he pai ake i ngā membrane, PSA rānei nā te mea kāore koe e utu ana mō te kaha kāore koe e whakamahi ana.

Ka taea e ngā pūnaha membrane te whakatutuki i te hāora parakore teitei pērā i ngā waeine cryogenic?

Whakautu poto: Kāo. Mena he nui ngā taumata hāora parakore e hiahiatia ana e tō tono (99.5% ki te 99.999%), ehara te hangarau membrane i te taputapu tika.

Ko ngā pūnaha membrane e whakamahia ana mō te Hau Whakarei Hāora (OEA), e eke ana ki te 40% ki te 50% te parakore o te hāora. He tino pai ēnei mō te whakarei ake i te mura, mō te hau hauora rānei, engari kāore e taea te whakataetae ki ngā taumata parakore o ngā waeine wehewehe hau cryogenic. I tetahi atu taha, mō te whakaputa hauota, ka taea e ngā membrane te whakatutuki i ngā parakore teitei (tae atu ki te 99.9%), engari mō te hāora, me whakamahi te cryogenic, te PSA rānei mō ngā whakaritenga kounga teitei.

He aha te rerekētanga o te wā tīmatanga i waenga i te pūnaha membrane me te ASU?

Koinei te wāhi e whawhai ai te tere ki te pumau. He mea whakamiharo ngā inenga pūnaha kiriuhi wā tīmatanga—e kōrero ana tātou mō te whakaputa hau i roto i ngā meneti. Ka tahuri koe, ka pēhi i te kōwae, ā, ka rere te rere. He mea tino pai mō ngā mahi e whakahaere ana i ngā huringa takitahi, e hiahia ana rānei ki te hau i runga i te tono.

He rerekē, he rite te Cryogenic ASU ki te tereina utanga. Me roa te wā whakamatao kia eke ki ngā pāmahana mahi, e 12 ki te 36 hāora te roa hei whakaū me te whakaputa hau e rite ana ki ngā whakaritenga. Kia oma, me haere tonu.